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Causes and measures of common faults of agricultural machinery

2021-10-05

Due to the great development of China's economy, mechanization has been greatly popularized in the actual process of agricultural production, and the labor intensity of farmers has been greatly reduced in the process of agricultural production. Mechanized production not only improves the quality of crops, but also greatly promotes the income of farmers. However, due to the complex farming environment of agricultural machinery, some faults will inevitably occur in the process of its actual work, which will greatly affect the local agricultural production. Therefore, it is very important to summarize the maintenance methods of some common faults according to the maintenance experience, which plays a certain role in promoting agricultural production.

 
1 common fault causes of agricultural machinery
 
In the actual use of agricultural machinery, if there is a certain deviation between its actual construction state and the original design state, it will fail, and the work of the whole machinery can not continue or some functions can not be realized, which will affect its actual production to a certain extent. However, in the process of actual work, there will inevitably be some wear and circuit problems between machines. The long-term component friction will cause certain dislocation in the gap and position between different components, resulting in the failure of normal use of machines. According to practical experience, the use of machinery can be analyzed from two aspects. The first is from the subjective point of view, that is, whether the use mode of farmers is standardized, and the second is the working environment of agricultural machinery and the actual technology of maintenance personnel, including the temperature and vibration of machinery. According to the current actual use of agricultural machinery, the most common causes of failure in the use of common agricultural machinery include: illegal work of operators, wear, corrosion and aging of mechanical parts, wear of parts, and electrical fault light of agricultural machinery.
 
1.1 operation and maintenance personnel operate in violation of regulations
 
Before the actual use of agricultural machinery, most users did not receive professional training and did not understand the maintenance methods of agricultural machinery. Therefore, in their actual use, the matters needing attention in the relevant operation process were not avoided, and some parts with strong wear and tear were not maintained, It makes some components wear and fatigue damage.
 
1.2 wear of mechanical parts
 
In the process of actual work, farmers do not give more careful consideration to the actual farming situation of agricultural machinery in most cases, so it often exceeds its load, which makes the agricultural machinery work overload in the process of use. This way will make the wear between its components more serious, especially in gears and other parts, After a long period of overload, it will be seriously worn, which will have a certain impact on its normal use.
 
2 prevention and maintenance methods of agricultural machinery faults
 
2.1 strengthen the lubrication and maintenance of parts
 
During the actual operation of agricultural machinery, the wear between different components is very serious. Therefore, in order to avoid the failure of agricultural machinery due to friction problems as much as possible, it is necessary to carry out certain lubrication and maintenance, so that the parts with severe friction can reduce the actual wear as much as possible, so as to prolong the service life of agricultural machinery. In the process of lubrication and maintenance, attention should be paid to the selection of lubricating oil quality. The brand and quality of lubricating oil should be selected according to the actual agricultural machinery. In different seasons, the choice of lubricating oil should also be different. In order to make the lubricating oil free of impurities, it should be allowed to stand within 24 hours before use. When the bearing of agricultural machinery is used for one year, in order to make its internal lubrication work more in place, it needs to be disassembled. When the bearing is in good condition, it should be lubricated. In the process of lubrication, Dust and fine particles from outside should be avoided as much as possible.
 
2.2 comprehensively standardize operation and driving methods
 
In the process of actual use, farmers lack certain driving experience, so they often cause agricultural machinery failures due to their own improper operation. Therefore, in the process of actual use, in order to avoid such problems, the local agricultural machinery management department needs to strengthen the training on the standardization of agricultural machinery operation and driving methods. First of all, the actual agricultural machinery drivers should be trained to make them better understand the advanced agricultural machinery operation. At the same time, operators should pay more attention to the safe operation methods in the operation of agricultural machinery, and have a certain understanding of some frequently used emergency treatment methods, so as to improve the operation level of agricultural machinery of farmers. Secondly, before actual driving, the fuel tank should be carefully checked to avoid oil leakage and less oil during use. At the same time, the oil temperature must also be paid attention to. When the oil temperature is high, it indicates that the wear between agricultural machinery components is more serious. Therefore, when the oil temperature is high, it is necessary to check the cause.
 

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