Guide: potato mechanization technology is a new technology that has emerged in recent years, with or without machinery, is a key factor in determining whether to make money growing potatoes. Next, follow me to understand the full mechanization of potato planting technology.

 

Potato mechanization technology is a new technology that has emerged in recent years, with or without machinery, is a key factor in determining whether the planting of potatoes can make money. Next, follow me to learn about the full mechanization of potato planting technology. 

Potato mechanization operation technology 

A, potato mechanization deep pine in recent years, potato planting more and more, in some dryland mountainous areas, because the need to increase the water output of the soil, to provide the required moisture for the growth and development of potatoes. In order to build soil, mechanized deep pine technology is often used. By using this technology, the soil can be loosened up to 50 cm deep, so that the soil is fluffed up to 50 cm below the surface. Therefore, the promotion of mechanized tillage and pine technology can more effectively help farmers break through the plow bottom layer formed by years of farming. After the soil is tilled and loosened, its permeability and air permeability are greatly enhanced, and the water content of the soil is also greatly increased, so that in the rainy season, it can receive more rainwater and form a large underground in the bottom layer of the soil, which promotes the growth of potato roots. After the soil is tilled and loosened, the surface moisture greatly reduces evaporation. In short, potato land, through mechanized deep pine, not only can alleviate the current situation of water shortage in arid land, or clay heavy land and barren soil layer "gospel", so, should give this advanced and favorable mechanized technology more in the soil, water and land preservation operations. 

Second, potato mechanized sowing In potato mechanization, mechanized sowing is a very key technology. This technology also incorporates many other operational aspects, such as furrowing, fertilizing, sowing, mulching, monopolizing and suppression. This technology combines the advantages of saving time, effort and labor. In addition, the use of mechanized seeding enables positioning and dosing of fertilizer, which greatly improves the utilization of waste materials and avoids pollution and losses caused by irregularities. 

(a) Land selection and preparation Generally for mechanized seeding operation, there are certain requirements for the area of the plot, which should be more than 667 square meters, and it should be gently sloping land or gently sloping land, in such land can be more convenient for mechanized operation. Before sowing, it is necessary to level the land, remove stones and impurities from the soil, and ensure that the soil is soft and fine. Potato mechanization operation technology 

(b) Use of pesticides and fertilizers Before sowing, pesticides and fertilizers can be used, but they must be spread evenly. This method can also be used when sowing seeds, and pesticides and fertilizers can be turned into the soil when sowing seeds. 

(iii) Preparing seed potatoes Before mechanization, prepare seed potatoes in advance and handle them properly. When cutting potatoes, sterilize knives, boards and other tools in advance. The potatoes should be cut as uniformly as possible, with a mass of about 50 g per block and at least 1-2 bud eyes, as required by mechanized operation. Afterwards, the seeds should be mixed with grass ashes for sterilization. 

(iv) Sowing operation When sowing, choose the right time for sowing, usually, the soil should have 12% to 15% moisture content, and the temperature should be 7 to 8 degrees at 10 cm below ground level. In addition, the actual sowing depth and sowing volume should be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure the right amount of seeds. Before sowing on a large scale, a trial sowing can be carried out, and when the various indicators are within the specified range, the sowing can be carried out on a large scale. For winter and early spring crops, sowing should be timed to match the performance of the potato variety and to avoid frosts. Winter crop potatoes are usually suitable for sowing between early November and late December, and are distributed between early sowing of Cooperative 88 and late sowing of Sweet Potato 6. The potatoes are expected to be harvested in March to April. For early spring crop potatoes, sow from early January to mid-February, with harvest in mid-to-late May. 

(v) Field management and post-sowing mechanization After sowing, it is important to cover the ground with mulch in time to ensure temperature and humidity, facilitate early harvest, and increase yields. At the same time, it is necessary to set the seedlings in time, and deal with the relationship between individuals and groups. After the seedlings emerge, it is necessary to introduce seedlings in time, leaving one seedling per pond to ensure the normal growth of individual plants and increase the number of large potatoes produced by a single plant. Field management is similar to that of other crops, but when loosening, fertilizing or cultivating soil, it is necessary to use a mid-tillage fertilizer applicator. When fertilizer is applied in the middle tillage, a trial plowing is conducted in some areas, and when the effect of the middle tillage meets the expected requirements, large-scale middle tillage is applied. In practice, it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments to the machine and solve any problems in time to improve the tillage effect. Potato full mechanization operation technology 

Three, potato mechanized harvesting 

(a) Preliminary preparation First of all, observe the potato stems and leaves, and when about 80% of them are wilted, use a wooden roller to crush the plants a week or two before harvest time, so that the plants are damaged. A tractor can be used to tie the seedlings so that the nutrients in the stems and leaves are left out, which will help to promote ripening. If some of the stems and leaves are not dead, the seedling harvester can be moved out of the land two to three days before harvesting to allow the land to distribute moisture more quickly and to facilitate mechanization afterwards. 

(ii) Harvesting operation Before harvesting operation, make detailed deployment of the machine and carry out trial digging if possible. When these factors meet the relevant agronomic requirements, mechanized operation can be carried out. In order to further improve the operation efficiency of farm machinery, weeds and potato seedlings in the field should be cleared, and debris in the sieve belt should also be cleared to prevent these debris from interfering with mechanized operation. When operating these machines, the field operator must concentrate on the driver. In the digging process, keep the machine stable and ensure that it goes straight to prevent damage to other potatoes. Usually, the centerline of the excavator shovel should be opposite the centerline of the potato cage, so that digging is much more efficient.

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